Capital of the Dominican Republic Thesis

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Santo Domingo and the entire island of Hispanola briefly became a contested New World outpost for other resource-hungry Europeans. In 1586, Englishman Francis Drake conquered Santo Domingo. The English invasion drove out most of the Spanish settlers but Drake did not establish an English settlement in Santo Domingo. Instead, Drake looted the city and left the demolished town for pirates to plunder and pillage.

Almost a century later the French took aim at Santo Domingo and the entire island of Hispanola. First conquering the western half of the island, the French then briefly occupied the eastern half and Santo Domingo. The French drove in slaves from Africa in an attempt to cull the island's natural resources for economic gain, a move that also backfired on the French colonialists. Remarkably successful slave revolts forced the French to abandon post, liberating Haiti and placing Hispanola including the city Santo Domingo under Haitian rule.

The division between the Dominican Republic and Haiti was established in the nineteenth century when in 1844 Juan Pable Duarte liberated the eastern portion of Hispanola and called it the Dominican Republic.

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Santo Domingo did not enjoy peace for long. The Spanish re-conquered the city in 1861 and annexed the island as part of Spain. The United States prevailed in ousting the Spanish from the island in 1916 and briefly occupied it. From 1930 to 1961 a brutal dictator controlled the Dominican Republic and renamed Santo Domingo after himself, calling it Ciudad Trujillo. In the wake of centuries of repeated warfare and destruction, many of the city's old colonial sites remain only in ruins, which are now preserved by locals with the aid of UNESCO. The city is currently undergoing a revival as a tourist destination.

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